Aplikační zprávy
APLIKAČNÍ ZPRÁVY VE SPALOVACÍ PRVKOVÉ ANALÝZE
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CARBON & SULFUR DETERMINATION IN STEEL PLANTS AND FOUNDRIES
Different methods are applied to measure C/S concentrations in steel, iron-based products, or in typical foundry products, such as ferro chromium. Among them are multi-element techniques like spectrometry or specialized carbon/sulfur analysis.
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EFFECTIVE QUALITY CONTROL OF STEEL AND IRON PRODUCTS WITH COMBUSTION ANALYSIS
The element concentration of carbon (C), sulfur (S), hydrogen (H), nitrogen (N), and oxygen (O) in iron products, such as steel, have a significant influence on material properties like ductility, brittleness, or hardness. Hence, reliable determination of the C, H, N, S, O contents is a routine quality control task in steel and iron production. This article explores the application fields and advantages of elemental analyzers, which are also known as combustion analyzers, in the steel industry.
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ELEMENTAL ANALYSIS OF METAL POWDERS AND METAL PARTS PRODUCED BY ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING
Additive manufacturing is becoming an increasingly established production technology. However, as it is still new, the required process steps have not been uniformly defined yet. There are, for example, no industry-wide standards describing the quality control process. Among the metal powders used for additive manufacturing are different types of steel and titanium. To check the quality and purity of these raw materials, suitable processes need to be implemented. The content of various “foreign” elements, for example, should be closely monitored to ensure a high-quality end product.
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ENSURING HIGH QUALITY IN THE ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING PROCESS |
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FAST AND RELIABLE C AND S DETERMINATION WITH ELEMENTAL ANALYZERS - A USEFUL ADDITION TO XRF
Part of the production process of high quality cement is quality control of the raw materials as well as the intermediate and finished products. At each production stage samples are taken, processed and analyzed to determine the chemical composition of the material. For the fast, accurate and reliable determination of carbon and sulfur elemental analyzers using combustion technology are a useful addition to XRF analyzers. Apart from size reduction no further sample preparation is needed for analyzing a sample with an elemental analyzer. In contrast to XRF analysis the element content of carbon and sulfur can be measured from the ppm range up to 100 % and the results are usually obtained within 60 to 120 seconds.
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METAL POWDER AND FEEDSTOCK ANALYSIS WITH THE ELTRA ELEMENTRAC SERIES
The new DIN EN ISO /ASTM 52907 from 2020 (Additive manufacturing- Feedstock materials-Methods to characterize metal powders) lists the following technical parameters to characterize the quality of metal powder: I Particle size distribution I Chemical composition I Characteristic densities I Morphology I Flowability I Contamination I (Packing, handling, storage) This article focusses on the chemical analysis of metal powders, especially the measurement of the elements oxygen, nitrogen, hydrogen as well as carbon and sulfur, and describes the current status of elemental analysis.
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O/N/H ANALYSIS IN RAW MATERIALS FOR AIRCRAFT COMPONENTS
Raw materials used in aircraft components need to fulfill a number of requirements. To verify the requested material properties and ensure maximum safety, each component is submitted to thorough testing. Part of the quality control process involves testing of mechanical properties, like tensile strength, or elasticity but also the determination of the chemical composition. One important part of chemical analysis of materials used in the aerospace industry is always the measurement of the gases oxygen (O), nitrogen (N) and hydrogen (H) which have a significant influence on the material properties.
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Elemental analysers based on combustion technology are a useful addition to XRF analysis for the quality control of cement and related products, ensuring fast, precise and reliable determination of carbon and sulphur. With its offering of analyzers using resistance or induction furnaces or both, ELTRA covers a wide range of applications for C and S determination in organic and inorganic samples. The product range is ideally suited to the variety of analytical applications in a cement plant.
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QUALITY CONTROL OF COAL_THE INFLUENCE OF SAMPLE PREPARATION ON ELEMENTAL ANALYSIS RESULTS
The most common types of coal (lignite, bituminous and anthracite) are distinguished by their different chemical and physical properties. The calorific value of coal can be determined by analyzing its carbon content, for example with combustion analyzers. In addition, efficient management of the desulfurization plant requires control of the sulfur content. Compared to the large amount of coal a typical laboratory sample consists of - a 10 liter bucket or even more - the sample volume required for analysis is fairly low, only approx. 1 g. The standard DIN 51701 defines the sample amount to be tested as this relates to the particle size: The bigger the particles are, the more sample material is required.
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QUALITY CONTROL OF COAL WITH ELEMENTAL ANALYZERS
Coal is one of the most important fossil fuels. In 2012, the global stone coal output was about 6.6 billion metric tons [1]. A huge amount of the worldwide traded stone coal is mined in China, USA, Russia and India. Compared to the large amount of mined coal the required sample volume for the characterization of coal, varying from a few mg up to 1 gram, seems unbelievably small. The characterization of coal is important for its quality assessment and further use. Depending on the product quality, coal is suitable for coking, steel production or electrical power generation. This article takes a look at the chemical background of proximate and ultimate coal analysis and how these parameters are measured with ELTRA’s combustion and thermogravimetric analyzers.
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Elemental analyzers are important tools for quality control of a wide range of products. A variety of matrices, such as ceramics, coal, steel or soil, can be analyzed for their element concentrations with different types of instruments. The product range of Eltra GmbH, located near Düsseldorf, Germany, comprises analyzers for C, H, N, S, O and thermogravimetry which allow for the standard-compliant determination of carbon in various chemical bondings, as well as oxygen and nitrogen in SiC and in materials containing SiC. The requirements which have to be fulfilled for a standard-compliant analysis may, however, vary greatly, depending on the desired parameters.
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THE FUTURE OF ASH FUSION ANALYSIS |
